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SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
RoHS Compliant Product A suffix of "-C" specifies halogen or lead -free
DESCRIPTION
The SEMP8965 low-dropout (LDO) CMOS linear regulators, consisting of SEMP8965, SEMP8966, and SEMP8968, feature ultra-high power supply rejection ratio (75dB at 1kHz), low output voltage noise (30V), low dropout voltage (270mV), low quiescent current (110A), and fast transient response. It guarantees delivery of 600mA output current, and supports preset (1.2V~3.3V with 0.1V increment, except for 1.85V and 2.85V) as well as adjustable (1.2V to 5.0V) output voltage versions. The SEMP8965 is ideal for battery-powered applications by virtue of its low quiescent current consumption and its 1nA shutdown mode of logical operation. The regulator provides fast turn-on and start-up time by using dedicated circuitry to pre-charge an optional external bypass capacitor. This bypass capacitor is used to reduce the output voltage noise without adversely affecting the load transient response. The high power supply rejection ratio of the SEMP8965 holds well for low input voltages typically encountered in battery- operated systems. The regulator is stable with small ceramic capacitive loads (2.2F typical). Additional features include regulation fault detection, band-gap voltage reference, constant current limiting and thermal overload protection.
FEATURES
600mA guaranteed output current 75dB typical PSRR at 1kHz 30V RMS output voltage noise (10Hz to 100kHz) 270mV typical dropout at 600mA 110A typical quiescent current 1nA typical shutdown mode Fast line and load transient response 80s typical fast turn-on time 2.5V to 5.5V input range Stable with small ceramic output capacitors Over temperature and over current protection 2% output voltage tolerance
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS SOT-25
SYMBOLS A A1 A2 b c D E E1 e e1 L L1 2 MIN. 1.05 0 1.00 0.30 0.08 2.80 2.60 1.50 0.95 BSC 1.90 BSC 0.30 0.60 REF 0 6 NOM. 1.20 1.10 2.90 2.80 1.60 MAX. 1.35 0.15 1.20 0.55 0.20 3.00 3.00 1.70
0.45 5 8
0.55 10 10
2
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 1 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
MSOP-8
SYMBOLS A A1 A2 D E E1 L L1 MIN. 0 0.75 NOM. 0.85 MAX. 1.1 0.15 0.95 3.00 BSC 4.90 BSC 3.00 BSC 0.80 8
0.40 0.95 BSC 0
0.60 -
2
APPLICATIONS
Wireless handsets PCMCIA cards DSP core power Hand-held instruments Battery-powered systems Portable information appliances
MARKING & PACKING INFORMATION
PIN FUNCTIONS
Symbol VIN Pin # 1 Function Supply Voltage Input. Require a minimum input capacitor of close to 1F to ensure stability and sufficient decoupling from the ground pin. Ground Pin. Shutdown Input. Set the regulator into the disable mode by pulling the SHDN pin low. To keep the regulator on during normal operation, connect the SHDN pin to VIN. The SHDN pin must not exceed VIN under all operating conditions. Compensation Capacitor. Connect an optimum 33nF noise bypass capacitor between the CC and the ground pins to reduce noise in VOUT. Output Voltage Feedback.
GND Vout Code 12 15 18 25 30 33 Vout 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.5 3.0 3.3 Order Information SEMP8965-12 SEMP8965-15 SEMP8965-18 SEMP8965-25 SEMP8965-30 SEMP8965-33 VOUT _____ SHDN CC
2
3 4
5
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 2 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
MAXIMUM RATINGS
Parameter
VIN, VOUT, V SHDN , VSET, VCC, V FAULT Supply Voltage Power Dissipation ESD Susceptibility Temperature (Note 1)(Note 2) Lead (10 sec.) Storage (TSTG) Operating (TOPR) Junction (TJ)
Value
-0.3 ~ 6.0 2.5 ~ 5.5 (Note 3) HBM (Note 5) 260 -65 ~ +160 -40 ~ 85 150 2
Units
V V W kV
C
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for VIN = VOUT +1V (Note 6), V SHDN = VIN, CIN = COUT = 2.2F, CCC = 33nF, TJ = 25C. Boldface limits apply for the operating temperature extremes: -40C and 85C. Symbol VIN Parameter Input Voltage 100A IOUT 300mA VOTL Output Voltage Tolerance VOUT (NOM) +0.5V VIN 5.5V (Note 6) ADJ/NC=VOUT Versions VOUT IOUT ILIMIT IQ Output Adjust Range Maximum Output Current Output Current Limit Supply Current Shutdown Supply Current Dropout Voltage (MSOP-8) (Note 4), (Note 6) VDO Dropout Voltage (SOT-25, SOT-26) (Note 4), (Note 6) Line Regulation Load Regulation en Output Voltage Noise IOUT = 0mA IOUT = 600mA VOUT = 0V, SHDN = GND IOUT = 50mA IOUT = 300mA IOUT = 600mA IOUT = 50mA IOUT = 300mA IOUT = 600mA IOUT = 1mA, (VOUT + 0.5V) VIN 5.5V (Note 7) 100A IOUT 600mA IOUT = 10mA, 10Hz f 100kHz VIH, (VOUT + 0.5V) VIN 5.5V (Note V SHDN
SHDN Input Threshold
Conditions
Min 2.5 -2 -3 1.20 600 600
Typ (Note 7)
Max 5.5 +2 +3 5.0
Units V % of VOUT (NOM) V mA
for
the
Adjust
Adjust Version Only Average DC Current Rating
950 110 255 0.001 19 110 230 22 130 270 1
mA A
mV
VOUT
-0.1
0.02 0.001 30
0.1
%/V %/mA VRMS
6) VIL, (VOUT + 0.5V) VIN 5.5V (Note 6)
SHDN = GND or VIN
1.2 V 0.4 0.1 0.1 125 0.2 100 3 nA nA mV V
I SHDN IADJ/NC
SHDN Input Bias Current
ADJ/NC Input Leakage
FAULT Detection Voltage
ADJ/NC=1.3V, Adjust Version Only (Note 9) VOUT 2.5V, IOUT = 200mA (Note 10) ISINK = 2mA
V FAULT
FAULT Output Low Voltage
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 3 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente
I FAULT
Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
0.1 165 30 COUT = 10F, VOUT at 90% of Final 100 nA
FAULT Off-Leakage Current FAULT = 3.6V, SHDN = 0V
Thermal Shutdown TSD Temperature Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis TON Start-Up Time
80 s Value Note 1: Absolute Maximum ratings indicate limits beyond which damage may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device outside of its rated operating conditions. Note 2: All voltages are with respect to the potential at the ground pin. Note 3: Maximum Power dissipation for the device is calculated using the following equations:
PD = TJ(MAX) - TA JA
where TJ(MAX) is the maximum junction temperature, TA is the ambient temperature, and JA is the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance. The maximum power dissipation is found to be 561mW. The derating factor (-1/JA) = -4.5mW/C, thus below 25C the power dissipation figure can be increased by 4.5mW per degree, and similarity decreased by this factor for temperatures above 25C. Note 4: Typical Values represent the most likely parametric norm. Note 5: Human body model: 1.5k in series with 100pF. Note 6: Condition does not apply to input voltages below 2.5V since this is the minimum input operating voltage. Note 7: Dropout voltage is measured by reducing VIN until VOUT drops 100mV from its nominal value at VIN -VOUT = 0.5V. Dropout voltage does not apply to the regulator versions with VOUT less than 2.5V. Note 8: The ADJ/NC pin is disconnected internally for the preset versions. Note 9: The FAULT detection voltage is specified for the input to output voltage differential at which the FAULT pin goes active low.
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 4 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
TYPICAL APPLICATION
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig.1a. The SEMP8965 Functional Block Diagram (Preset Version with the ADJ/NC Pin Disconnected internally)
Fig.1b. The SEMP8965 Functional Block Diagram (Adjustable Version with the ADJ/NC Pin Connected to External Resistors R1 and R2)
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 5 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Unless otherwise specified, VIN = VOUT (NOM) + 1V, CIN = COUT = 2.2F, CCC = 33nF, TA = 25C, V SHDN = VIN. PSRR vs. Frequency PSRR vs. Frequency
VIN=4.3V, VOUT=3.3V
VIN=5V, VOUT=3.3V
PSRR (dB)
Frequency (Hz)
PSRR (dB)
Frequency (Hz) PSRR vs. Frequency
Frequency (Hz) PSRR vs. Frequency
VIN=4V, VOUT=2.5V
VIN=3.3V, VOUT=1.8V
PSRR (dB)
Frequency (Hz) PSRR vs. Frequency
PSRR (dB)
Frequency (Hz) Dropout Voltage vs. Load Current VOUT=3.3V Dropout Voltage (mV)
VIN=4V, VOUT=1.8V
PSRR (dB)
load Current (mA) Frequency (Hz)
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 6 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Unless otherwise specified, VIN = VOUT (NOM) + 1V, CIN = COUT = 2.2F, CCC = 33nF, TA = 25C, V SHDN = VIN. (cont'd) Supply Current vs. Input Voltage Supply Current vs. Load Current
Supply Current (A)
Input Voltage (V)
Supply Current (A)
Load Current (mA)
Load Transient
Load Transient
VOUT
200mA/DIV
50mV/DIV
IOUT
1mA~600mA
IOUT 100mA/DIV 50mV/DIV
1mA~300mA
VOUT
400s/DIV
400s/DIV
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 7 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Unless otherwise specified, VIN = VOUT (NOM) + 1V, CIN = COUT = 2.2F, CCC = 33nF, TA = 25C, V SHDN = VIN. (cont'd) Line Transient VOUT=3.3V, IOUT=10mA 5.3V 4.3V VIN 4.3V VOUT (10mV/DIV) VOUT (10mV/DIV) Line Transient
5.3V VIN
VOUT=3.3V, IOUT=600mA
200s/DIV Current Limit
200s/DIV Enable and Disable
IOUT (200mA/DIV)
100ms/DIV Fault Detection Threshold vs. Load Current Fault Detect Threshold (mV)
VOUT (1V/DIV)
VSHDN (2V/DIV)
400s/DIV
Load Current (mA)
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 8 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
APPLICATION INFORMATION
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Referring to Figure 1 as shown in the Functional Block Diagram section, the SEMP8965 adopts the classical regulator topology in which negative feedback control is used to perform the desired voltage regulating function. The negative feedback is formed by using feedback resistors (R1, R2) to sample the output voltage for the non-inverting input of the error amplifier, whose inverting input is set to the bandgap reference voltage. By virtue of its high open-loop gain, the error amplifier operates to ensure that the sampled output feedback voltage at its non-inverting input is virtually equal to the preset bandgap reference voltage. These feedback resistors can be either internal or external to the SEMP8965, depending on whether a preset or an adjustable output voltage version is being used.
The error amplifier compares the voltage difference at its inputs and produces an appropriate driving voltage to the P-channel MOS pass transistor to control the amount of current reaching the output. If there are changes in the output voltage due to load changes, the feedback resistors register such changes to the non-inverting input of the error amplifier. The error amplifier then adjusts its driving voltage to maintain virtual short between its two input nodes under all loading conditions. In a nutshell, the regulation of the output voltage is achieved as a direct result of the error amplifier keeping its input voltages equal. This negative feedback control topology is further augmented by the shutdown, the fault detection, and the temperature and current protection circuitry.
OUTPUT VOLTAGE CONTROL (Adjustable Version Only)
The SEMP8965 allows direct user control of the output voltage in accordance with the amount of negative feedback present. To see the explicit relationship between the output voltage and the negative feedback, it is convenient to conceptualize the SEMP8965 as an ideal non-inverting operational amplifier with a fixed DC reference voltage VREF at its non-inverting input. Such a conceptual representation of the SEMP8965 in closed-loop configuration is shown in Figure 2. This ideal op amp features an ultra-high input resistance such that its inverting input voltage is virtually fixed at VREF. The output voltage is therefore given by:
R1 V =V + 1 OUT REF R 2
This equation can be rewritten in the following form to facilitate the determination of the resistor values for a chosen output voltage:
R1 = R 2
VOUT 1.19V
-1

Set R2 equal to 100k to optimize for overall accuracy, power supply rejection, noise, and power consumption.
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 9 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente
VIN VOUT
Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
VREF
VREF
+
VOUT VOUT
-
R1 R2
Figure 2.
Simplified Regulator Topology
OUTPUT CAPACITOR
The SEMP8965 is specially designed for use with ceramic output capacitors of as low as 2.2F to take advantage of the savings in cost and space as well as the superior filtering of high frequency noise. Capacitors of higher value or other types may be used, but it is important to make sure its equivalent series resistance (ESR) be restricted to less than 0.5. The use of larger capacitors with smaller ESR values is desirable for applications involving large and fast input or output transients, as well as for situations where the application systems are not physically located immediately adjacent to the battery power source. Typical ceramic capacitors suitable for use with the SEMP8965 are X5R and X7R. The X5R and the X7R capacitors are able to maintain their capacitance values to within 20% and 10%, respectively, as the temperature increases. No-Load Stability The SEMP8965 is capable of stable operation during no-load conditions, a mandatory feature for some applications such as CMOS RAM keep-alive operations.
INPUT CAPACITOR
A minimum input capacitance of 1F is required for SEMP8965. The capacitor value may be increased without limit. Improper workbench set-ups may have adverse effects on the normal operation of the regulator. A case in point is the instability that may result from long supply lead inductance coupling to the output through the gate capacitance of the pass transistor. This will establish a pseudo LCR network, and is likely to happen under high current conditions or near dropout. A 10F tantalum input capacitor will dampen the parasitic LCR action thanks to its high ESR. However, cautions should be exercised to avoid regulator short-circuit damage when tantalum capacitors are used, for they are prone to fail in short-circuit operating conditions.
COMPENSATION (NOISE BYPASS) CAPACITOR
Substantial reduction in the output voltage noise of the SEMP8965 is accomplished through the connection of the noise bypass capacitor CC (33nF optimum) between pin 6 and the ground. Because pin 6 connects directly to the high impedance output of the bandgap reference circuit, the level of the DC leakage currents in the CC capacitors used will adversely reduce the regulator output voltage. This sets the DC leakage level as the key selection criterion of the CC capacitor types for use with the SEMP8965. NPO and COG ceramic capacitors typically offer very low leakage. Although the use of the CC capacitors does not affect the transient response, it does affect the turn-on time of the regulator. Tradeoff exists between output noise level and turn-on time when selecting the CC capacitor value.
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 10 of 11
SEMP8965
Elektronische Bauelemente
POWER DISSIPATION AND THERMAL SHUTDOWN
Thermal overload results from excessive power dissipation that causes the IC junction temperature to increase beyond a safe operating level. The SEMP8965 relies on dedicated thermal shutdown circuitry to limit its total power dissipation. An IC junction temperature TJ exceeding 165C will trigger the thermal shutdown logic, turning off the P-channel MOS pass transistor. The pass transistor turns on again after the junction cools off by about 30C. When continuous thermal overload conditions persist, this thermal shutdown action then results in a pulsed waveform at the output of the regulator. The concept of thermal resistance JA (C/W) is often used to describe an IC junction's relative readiness in allowing its thermal energy to dissipate to its ambient air. An IC junction with a low thermal resistance is preferred because it is relatively effective in dissipating its thermal energy to its ambient, thus resulting in a relatively low and desirable junction temperature. The relationship between JA and TJ is as follows: TJ =JA (PD) + TA TA is the ambient temperature, and PD is the power generated by the IC and can be written as: PD = IOUT (VIN - VOUT) As the above equations show, it is desirable to work with ICs whose JA values are small such that TJ does not increase strongly with PD. To avoid thermally overloading the SEMP8965, refrain from exceeding the absolute maximum junction temperature rating of 150C under continuous operating conditions. Overstressing the regulator with high loading currents and elevated input-to-output differential voltages can increase the IC die temperature significantly.
Fast Ultra High-PSRR, Low Noise, Low-Dropout, 600 mA Micropower CMOS Linear Regulator
FAULT DETECTION
In the event of the occurrence of various fault conditions that cause failure in the output voltage regulation, such as during thermal overload or current limit, the FAULT pin of the SEMP8965 becomes low. Because the FAULT pin connects to the open-drain output of a N-channel MOS transistor, a large pull-up resistor (100k typical) is required to provide the necessary output voltage and yet without compromising the overall power consumption performance of the regulator. The FAULT pin also goes low when the input-to-output differential voltage becomes too small to sustain good load and line regulation at the output. This occurs typically during near dropout when the input-to-output differential voltage is less than 110mV for a load current of 200mA. The SEMP8965 detects near dropout conditions by comparing the differential voltage against a predefined differential threshold that is always slightly above the dropout voltage. This differential threshold is dynamical in the sense that it not only tracks the dropout voltage as the load current varies, but also scale linearly with the load current.
SHUTDOWN
The SEMP8965 enters the sleep mode when the SHDN pin is low. When this occurs, the pass transistor, the error amplifier, and the biasing circuits, including the bandgap reference, are turned off, thus reducing the supply current to typically 1nA. Such a low supply current makes the SEMP8965 best suited for battery-powered applications. The maximum guaranteed voltage at the SHDN pin for the sleep mode to take effect is 0.4V. A minimum guaranteed voltage of 1.2V at the SHDN pin will activate the SEMP8965. Direct connection of the SHDN pin to the VIN to keep the regulator on is allowed for the SEMP8965. In this case, the SHDN pin must not exceed the supply voltage VIN.
FAST START-UP
Fast start-up time is important for overall system efficiency improvement. The SEMP8965 assures fast start-up speed when using the optional noise bypass capacitor (CC). To shorten start-up time, the SEMP8965 internally supplies a 500A current to charge up the capacitor until it reaches about 90% of its final value.
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01-June-2002 Rev. A
Page 11 of 11

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